{"id":1182,"date":"2023-11-30T07:38:39","date_gmt":"2023-11-30T07:38:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/?p=1182"},"modified":"2025-02-05T10:24:47","modified_gmt":"2025-02-05T03:24:47","slug":"nhung-gi-ban-can-biet-ve-axit-nitric","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/nhung-gi-ban-can-biet-ve-axit-nitric","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng G\u00ec B\u1ea1n C\u1ea7n Bi\u1ebft V\u1ec1 Axit Nitric"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Axit nitric, v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc HNO\u2083, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t axit m\u1ea1nh, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh oxy h\u00f3a cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh tinh ch\u1ebf kim lo\u1ea1i. <\/p><p>Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, H\u00f3a Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ed9c Thi\u00ean s\u1ebd \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u axit nitric l\u00e0 g\u00ec, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a HNO3, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.\u00a0Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t HNO3 l\u00e0 acid g\u00ec, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_72 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/nhung-gi-ban-can-biet-ve-axit-nitric\/#Cong_Thuc_Hoa_Hoc_Cua_Axit_Nitric\" title=\"C\u00f4ng Th\u1ee9c H\u00f3a H\u1ecdc C\u1ee7a Axit Nitric\">C\u00f4ng Th\u1ee9c H\u00f3a H\u1ecdc C\u1ee7a Axit Nitric<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/nhung-gi-ban-can-biet-ve-axit-nitric\/#Dac_Tinh_Vat_Ly\" title=\"\u0110\u1eb7c T\u00ednh V\u1eadt L\u00fd\">\u0110\u1eb7c T\u00ednh V\u1eadt L\u00fd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/nhung-gi-ban-can-biet-ve-axit-nitric\/#Dieu_Che_HNO3\" title=\"\u0110i\u1ec1u Ch\u1ebf HNO3\">\u0110i\u1ec1u Ch\u1ebf HNO3<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/nhung-gi-ban-can-biet-ve-axit-nitric\/#Ung_Dung_Cua_Axit_Nitric\" title=\"\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng C\u1ee7a Axit Nitric\">\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng C\u1ee7a Axit Nitric<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/nhung-gi-ban-can-biet-ve-axit-nitric\/#Luu_Y_An_Toan_Khi_Su_Dung_Axit_Nitric\" title=\"L\u01b0u \u00dd An To\u00e0n Khi S\u1eed D\u1ee5ng Axit Nitric\">L\u01b0u \u00dd An To\u00e0n Khi S\u1eed D\u1ee5ng Axit Nitric<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/nhung-gi-ban-can-biet-ve-axit-nitric\/#Ket_Luan\" title=\"K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn\">K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/nhung-gi-ban-can-biet-ve-axit-nitric\/#Axit_nitric_co_the_duoc_su_dung_trong_che_tao_vi_mach_va_linh_kien_dien_tu_khong\" title=\"Axit nitric c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o vi m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng?\">Axit nitric c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o vi m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/nhung-gi-ban-can-biet-ve-axit-nitric\/#Axit_nitric_co_anh_huong_gi_den_moi_truong_neu_khong_duoc_xu_ly_dung_cach\" title=\"Axit nitric c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch?\">Axit nitric c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/nhung-gi-ban-can-biet-ve-axit-nitric\/#Co_phuong_phap_nao_de_trung_hoa_axit_nitric_khi_xay_ra_su_co_tran_hoa_chat_khong\" title=\"C\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 trung h\u00f2a axit nitric khi x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 tr\u00e0n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng?\">C\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 trung h\u00f2a axit nitric khi x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 tr\u00e0n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/nhung-gi-ban-can-biet-ve-axit-nitric\/#Axit_nitric_co_the_phan_ung_voi_nhung_chat_nao_de_tao_ra_hon_hop_nguy_hiem\" title=\"Axit nitric c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nguy hi\u1ec3m?\">Axit nitric c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nguy hi\u1ec3m?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/nhung-gi-ban-can-biet-ve-axit-nitric\/#Tai_sao_axit_nitric_lai_quan_trong_trong_nganh_hang_khong_vu_tru\" title=\"T\u1ea1i sao axit nitric l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5?\">T\u1ea1i sao axit nitric l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cong_Thuc_Hoa_Hoc_Cua_Axit_Nitric\"><\/span>C\u00f4ng Th\u1ee9c H\u00f3a H\u1ecdc C\u1ee7a Axit Nitric<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><div class=\"wp-block-image wp-image-1195\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"730\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" data-src=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/nitric-acid-1.png\" alt=\"Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 axit nitric\" class=\"wp-image-1195 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/nitric-acid-1.png 1000w, https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/nitric-acid-1-500x365.png 500w\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1000px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1000\/730;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n t\u1eed Axit HNO3<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><p><strong>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a HNO3<\/strong> l\u00e0 HNO\u2083, g\u1ed3m ba nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh: hydro (H), nit\u01a1 (N), v\u00e0 oxi (O). V\u1edbi <strong>c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a HNO3<\/strong>, ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u00e0y c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1eefa nguy\u00ean t\u1eed nit\u01a1 v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m hydroxyl (-OH), c\u00f9ng hai li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i gi\u1eefa nit\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed oxy c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.\n<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Axit nitric c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed 63.01 g\/mol v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 1.51 g\/cm\u00b3. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, khi <strong>hno3 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng l\u00e0 do<\/strong> s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh NO\u2082 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/li>\n\n<li>Ph\u00e2n t\u1eed HNO\u2083 bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eed nit\u01a1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi ba nguy\u00ean t\u1eed oxy v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m hydroxyl (-OH). C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y gi\u00fap axit nitric c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n ly ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o ra ion H\u207a v\u00e0 NO\u2083\u207b, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t axit m\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n\n<li>\u1ede \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng, axit nitric l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u, nh\u01b0ng khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng do s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a nitrogen dioxide (NO\u2082). \u0110i\u1ec3m s\u00f4i c\u1ee7a HNO\u2083 l\u00e0 83\u00b0C v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c l\u00e0 -42\u00b0C. N\u00f3 tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 t\u00ednh axit m\u1ea1nh.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dac_Tinh_Vat_Ly\"><\/span>\u0110\u1eb7c T\u00ednh V\u1eadt L\u00fd<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><p>\nAxit nitric (<a href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/acid-nitric-hno3-68-han-quoc\/\">HNO3<\/a>) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <strong>ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u<\/strong> c\u00f3 m\u00f9i h\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh. D\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, <strong>hno3 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng<\/strong> do s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a nitrogen dioxide (NO\u2082). D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a <strong>nitric acid<\/strong>:\n<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c<\/strong>: -42\u00b0C<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec3m s\u00f4i<\/strong>: 83\u00b0C<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>T\u00ednh tan<\/strong>: H\u00f2a tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 t\u00ednh axit m\u1ea1nh.<\/li><\/ul><p>\nNh\u1edd t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, axit nitric \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.\n<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dieu_Che_HNO3\"><\/span>\u0110i\u1ec1u Ch\u1ebf HNO3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><p>\nCh\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn HNO3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua quy tr\u00ecnh Ostwald, m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t axit nitric t\u1eeb ammonia (NH3). D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y:\n<\/p><ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Oxid h\u00f3a Ammonia:<\/strong> Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, ammonia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a qua m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 x\u00fac t\u00e1c (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch kim ho\u1eb7c rhodium) \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao (kho\u1ea3ng 800-900\u00b0C). T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, ammonia ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi oxy t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nitric oxide (NO) v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Oxid h\u00f3a Nitric Oxide th\u00e0nh Nitrogen Dioxide:<\/strong> Nitric oxide sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u00eam l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nitrogen dioxide (NO2).<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>H\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 Nitrogen Dioxide:<\/strong> Nitrogen dioxide sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tan v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc, qua \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra axit HNO3. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra trong m\u1ed9t th\u00e1p h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5, n\u01a1i NO2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra axit nitric v\u00e0 nitric oxide.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i NO th\u00e0nh NO2: <\/strong>Nitric oxide \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb th\u00e1p h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i oxit h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh NO\u2082 v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Tinh ch\u1ebf Axit Nitric: <\/strong>Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, axit nitric \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<br><em>Quy tr\u00ecnh Ostwald kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t axit nitric m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u1eabn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/em><\/li><\/ol><p>\nTrong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, axit nitric \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng qua quy tr\u00ecnh Ostwald, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:\n<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Oxy h\u00f3a Ammonia (NH\u2083):<\/strong> Ammonia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c oxy h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh nitric oxide (NO) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u00fac t\u00e1c b\u1ea1ch kim \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Oxy h\u00f3a Nitric Oxide:<\/strong> Nitric oxide ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c oxy h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh nitrogen dioxide (NO\u2082).<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>H\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 NO\u2082:<\/strong> NO\u2082 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh axit nitric v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n NO, kh\u00ed n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/li><\/ul><p>\nQuy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t axit nitric v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.\n<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-image wp-image-1199\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"730\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" data-src=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/nitric-acid-min.png\" alt=\"Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 axit nitric\" class=\"wp-image-1199 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/nitric-acid-min.png 1000w, https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/nitric-acid-min-500x365.png 500w\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1000px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1000\/730;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf axit nitric<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ung_Dung_Cua_Axit_Nitric\"><\/span>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng C\u1ee7a Axit Nitric<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><div class=\"wp-block-image wp-image-1197\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"730\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" data-src=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/nitric-acid-3-min.png\" alt=\"Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 axit nitric\" class=\"wp-image-1197 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/nitric-acid-3-min.png 1000w, https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/nitric-acid-3-min-500x365.png 500w\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1000px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1000\/730;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a HNO3<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><p><strong>HNO3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t g\u00ec?<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t axit v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, bao g\u1ed3m:\n<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>S\u1ea3n Xu\u1ea5t Ph\u00e2n B\u00f3n<\/strong><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Axit nitric<\/strong> l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t <strong>ammonium nitrate<\/strong>, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>Tinh Ch\u1ebf Kim Lo\u1ea1i<\/strong><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Nitric acid<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1c, th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a tan v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ecfi qu\u1eb7ng.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>S\u1ea3n Xu\u1ea5t Thu\u1ed1c N\u1ed5<\/strong><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Axit nitric k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi glycerin t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh <strong>nitroglycerin<\/strong>, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>C\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p D\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 H\u00f3a Ch\u1ea5t<\/strong><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>HNO3<\/strong> tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>X\u1eed L\u00fd N\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 L\u00e0m S\u1ea1ch C\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Axit nitric gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li><\/ul><\/li>\n\n<li><strong>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t H\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t Nitrate:<\/strong><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t nitrate kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 potassium nitrate v\u00e0 calcium nitrate, c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Xem th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u <a href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/ung-dung-axit-hno3-ra-sao\/\">\u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng HNO3<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote><div class=\"wp-block-image wp-image-1198\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"730\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" data-src=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/nitric-acid-4-min.png\" alt=\"Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 axit nitric\" class=\"wp-image-1198 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/nitric-acid-4-min.png 1000w, https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/nitric-acid-4-min-500x365.png 500w\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1000px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1000\/730;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5 t\u1eeb axit HNO3<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Luu_Y_An_Toan_Khi_Su_Dung_Axit_Nitric\"><\/span><strong>L\u01b0u \u00dd An To\u00e0n Khi S\u1eed D\u1ee5ng Axit Nitric<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><p>\nDo t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh, vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng axit nitric c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t:\n<\/p><ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Trang B\u1ecb B\u1ea3o H\u1ed9:<\/strong> Lu\u00f4n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u0103ng tay, k\u00ednh b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi HNO\u2083.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>L\u01b0u Tr\u1eef:<\/strong> B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n axit nitric trong c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, tho\u00e1ng m\u00e1t v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh xa c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y.<\/li>\n\n<li><strong>X\u1eed L\u00fd S\u1ef1 C\u1ed1:<\/strong> Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi da ho\u1eb7c m\u1eaft, c\u1ea7n r\u1eeda ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 y t\u1ebf.<\/li><\/ul><p>\nVi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh.\n<\/p><h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ket_Luan\"><\/span>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><p><strong>HNO3 l\u00e0 axit m\u1ea1nh hay y\u1ebfu?<\/strong> Theo t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, <strong>HNO3 l\u00e0 axit m\u1ea1nh<\/strong>, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0103n m\u00f2n kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1. Nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c. Ngo\u00e0i ra, <strong>hno3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o<\/strong> bao g\u1ed3m nguy\u00ean t\u1eed nit\u01a1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi ba nguy\u00ean t\u1eed oxy, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m hydroxyl (-OH). \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 <strong>c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a HNO3<\/strong>, gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a axit n\u00e0y. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, <strong>HNO3 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng l\u00e0 do<\/strong> s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y d\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh NO\u2082. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng <strong>nitric acid<\/strong> trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p><p>V\u1eady <strong>nitric acid l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>? \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <strong>ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u<\/strong>, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc <strong>nitric acid c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o<\/strong> l\u00e0 HNO\u2083, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5 v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. T\u1ea1i <strong>H\u00f3a Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ed9c Thi\u00ean<\/strong>, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p <strong>axit nitric ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao<\/strong>, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch c\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ho\u1eb7c <strong>mua HNO3<\/strong>, vui l\u00f2ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 <strong>0979 89 1929<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/p><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" data-src=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/axit-hcl-hoa-chat-loc-thiien-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1018 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/axit-hcl-hoa-chat-loc-thiien-2.png 1000w, https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/axit-hcl-hoa-chat-loc-thiien-2-500x375.png 500w\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1000px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1000\/750;\" \/><\/figure><\/div><p>V\u00e0 t\u1ea1i H\u00f3a Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ed9c Thi\u00ean, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i lu\u00f4n kinh doanh nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng. N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u mua HNO3, <a href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/acid-hydrochloric-hcl\/\">mua axit HCL<\/a> hay <a href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/acid-sulfuric-h2so4-viet-nam\/\">mua axit H2SO4<\/a> b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n <a href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/axit-cong-nghiep\/\">mua axit<\/a> li\u00ean quan, h\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i qua hotline: 0979 89 1929 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n chi ti\u1ebft.<\/p><hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/><div class=\"row row-collapse row-full-width\"  id=\"row-331534809\">\n\n\n\t<div id=\"col-725484020\" class=\"col medium-6 large-6\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><strong>LOC THIEN INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Address:\u00a0<\/strong>452\/6B Provincial Road 10, Binh Tri Dong Ward, Binh Tan District, Ho Chi Minh City<\/li>\n<li><strong>Phone:<\/strong> 028 6269 5669 - \u00a0028 6269 5662<\/li>\n<li><strong>Website<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hoachatlocthien.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong>Fax:\u00a0<\/strong>028 6269 5662 -\u00a0<strong>Hotline<\/strong>: <a href=\"tel:0979891929\">0979 89 19 29<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n\t<div id=\"col-798565240\" class=\"col medium-6 large-6\"  >\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"col-inner\"  >\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n<p><strong>Branches and warehouses<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Warehouse 1<\/strong>Phuoc Hung Hamlet, My Xuan Commune, Tan Thanh District, Ba Ria - Vung Tau Province<\/li>\n<li><strong>Warehouse 2<\/strong>Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u00e1i, X. Ph\u01b0\u1edbc B\u00ecnh, H. Long Th\u00e0nh, T. \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai<\/li>\n<li><strong>Warehouse 3<\/strong>: Tan Dong Hiep B Industrial Park, Di An, Binh Duong. .<\/li>\n<li><strong>Warehouse 4<\/strong>Hoa Khanh Ward, Da Nang<\/li>\n<li><strong>Warehouse 5:<\/strong> KCN \u00d4 M\u00f4n, Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u1edbi Ward, \u00d4 M\u00f4n District, C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 City<\/li>\n<li><strong>Warehouse 6:<\/strong> KCN Dai Dong - Hoan Son, Tri Phuong Commune, Tien Du District, Bac Ninh Province<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\n<\/div>\n<p><iframe style=\"border: 0;\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/maps\/embed?pb=!1m14!1m8!1m3!1d501722.0146604921!2d106.620075!3d10.757339!3m2!1i1024!2i768!4f13.1!3m3!1m2!1s0x31752c2e56f3cff7%3A0x39eeb29d74c428f2!2zQ8O0bmcgdHkgSG_DoSBDaOG6pXQgTOG7mWMgVGhpw6pu!5e0!3m2!1svi!2sus!4v1697254383560!5m2!1svi!2sus\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" title=\"L\u1ed9c Thi\u00ean Chemicals on Google Maps\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" data-load-mode=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/p><div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list\">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1738725792465\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Axit_nitric_co_the_duoc_su_dung_trong_che_tao_vi_mach_va_linh_kien_dien_tu_khong\"><\/span>Axit nitric c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o vi m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>C\u00f3, axit nitric \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong <strong>ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 <strong>t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i<\/strong> v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t tr\u00ean silicon wafer trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o vi m\u1ea1ch. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p <strong>Aqua Regia (HNO\u2083 + HCl)<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f2a tan kim lo\u1ea1i qu\u00fd nh\u01b0 v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch kim, gi\u00fap t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y t\u1eeb bo m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u0169.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1738725801540\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Axit_nitric_co_anh_huong_gi_den_moi_truong_neu_khong_duoc_xu_ly_dung_cach\"><\/span>Axit nitric c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Axit nitric l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t <strong>g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong> n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. Khi th\u1ea3i ra ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra <strong>m\u01b0a axit<\/strong> b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c oxit nit\u01a1 (NOx) v\u00e0 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 pH c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ngo\u00e0i ra, HNO\u2083 khi \u0111\u1ed5 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng <strong>\u0111\u1ed9 axit<\/strong>, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y sinh. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng axit nitric c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 <strong>h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 trung h\u00f2a axit tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1738725809102\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_phuong_phap_nao_de_trung_hoa_axit_nitric_khi_xay_ra_su_co_tran_hoa_chat_khong\"><\/span>C\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 trung h\u00f2a axit nitric khi x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 tr\u00e0n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Khi x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 tr\u00e0n axit nitric, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd an to\u00e0n l\u00e0 <strong>trung h\u00f2a axit b\u1eb1ng baz\u01a1 y\u1ebfu<\/strong> nh\u01b0 <strong>natri bicarbonate (NaHCO\u2083)<\/strong> or <strong>canxi hydroxit (Ca(OH)\u2082)<\/strong>. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1eed l\u00fd, c\u1ea7n <strong>\u0111eo \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi axit. Khi trung h\u00f2a, n\u00ean <strong>r\u1eafc t\u1eeb t\u1eeb<\/strong> ch\u1ea5t trung h\u00f2a v\u00e0o v\u1ebft tr\u00e0n thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed5 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, v\u00ec ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed. Sau khi trung h\u00f2a, dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu gom v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd theo \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i nguy h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1738725817337\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Axit_nitric_co_the_phan_ung_voi_nhung_chat_nao_de_tao_ra_hon_hop_nguy_hiem\"><\/span>Axit nitric c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nguy hi\u1ec3m?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Axit nitric l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <strong>ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh<\/strong>, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nguy hi\u1ec3m. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m bao g\u1ed3m:<br \/>+ <strong>V\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i (Cu, Fe, Zn, Al, Ag)<\/strong>: T\u1ea1o ra <strong>kh\u00ed NO\u2082<\/strong> \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ed5i khi h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i.<br \/>+ <strong>V\u1edbi amoniac (NH\u2083)<\/strong>: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh <strong>ammonium nitrate (NH\u2084NO\u2083)<\/strong> \u2013 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 n\u1ed5 n\u1ebfu n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<br \/>+ <strong>V\u1edbi h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 nh\u01b0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u ho\u1eb7c acetone<\/strong>: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y <strong>ch\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed5<\/strong> do ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh.<br \/>+ <strong>V\u1edbi baz\u01a1 m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 NaOH ho\u1eb7c KOH<\/strong>: T\u1ea1o ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1nh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y b\u1eafn axit ra ngo\u00e0i nguy hi\u1ec3m.<br \/>V\u00ec v\u1eady, khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng axit nitric trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hay ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1738725836478\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tai_sao_axit_nitric_lai_quan_trong_trong_nganh_hang_khong_vu_tru\"><\/span>T\u1ea1i sao axit nitric l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer\">\n\n<p>Axit nitric c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh <strong>h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/strong>, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong vi\u1ec7c <strong>ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u00ean l\u1eeda<\/strong>. HNO\u2083 d\u1ea1ng <strong>axit nitric \u0111\u1ecf b\u1ed1c kh\u00f3i (RFNA &#8211; Red Fuming Nitric Acid)<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t <strong>oxy h\u00f3a<\/strong> trong nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a t\u00ean l\u1eeda. Khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u hydrazine (N\u2082H\u2084) ho\u1eb7c unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH), h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 b\u1ed1c ch\u00e1y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<br \/>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u00ean l\u1eeda ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng gian, n\u01a1i oxy kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Axit nitric, v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc HNO\u2083, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t axit m\u1ea1nh, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh oxy h\u00f3a cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh tinh ch\u1ebf kim lo\u1ea1i. [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1194,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[268,318,316,317,319],"class_list":["post-1182","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc","tag-axit","tag-axit-hno3","tag-axit-nitric","tag-hno3","tag-ung-dung-hno3"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1182","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1182"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1182\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5405,"href":"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1182\/revisions\/5405"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1194"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1182"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1182"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1182"}],"curies":[{"name":"WordPress","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}