{"id":9012,"date":"2026-05-06T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-05-06T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/hcl-35-tinh-chat-ung-dung-va-nhung-dieu-nen-luu-y-ve-axit-nay\/"},"modified":"2026-05-06T08:00:00","modified_gmt":"2026-05-06T08:00:00","slug":"hcl-35-tinh-chat-ung-dung-va-nhung-dieu-nen-luu-y-ve-axit-nay-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/hcl-35-tinh-chat-ung-dung-va-nhung-dieu-nen-luu-y-ve-axit-nay-2","title":{"rendered":"HCl 35%: T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t, \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng V\u00e0 Nh\u1eefng \u0110i\u1ec1u C\u1ea7n L\u01b0u \u00dd V\u1ec1 Axit N\u00e0y"},"content":{"rendered":"<article>\n<header class=\"hero\">\n<div class=\"kicker\">Axit HCl 35%<\/div>\n<h1>HCl 35%: T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t, \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng V\u00e0 Nh\u1eefng \u0110i\u1ec1u C\u1ea7n L\u01b0u \u00dd V\u1ec1 Axit N\u00e0y<\/h1>\n<p class=\"meta\">Bien soan boi doi ngu ky thuat <strong>Hoa Chat Loc Thien<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>HCl 35%<\/strong> l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng axit clohidric \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u trong t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kim lo\u1ea1i, x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c. So v\u1edbi HCl 32%, HCl 35% c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh cao h\u01a1n, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed tr\u00ean kg ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ph\u00e2n t\u00edch <strong>t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t HCl 35%<\/strong>, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 l\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u2013 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<p class=\"note\">Noi dung tham khao, vui long doi chieu MSDS.<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumb lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/HCl-32-tinh-chat-dieu-che-va-an-toan-su-dung.webp\" alt=\"HCl 32%\" width=\"900\" height=\"500\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 900px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 900\/500;\"><figcaption class=\"meta\" style=\"text-align:center\">HCl 32%<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"tag-list\"><span>HCl 35%<\/span><span>axit clohidric 35%<\/span><span>\u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng HCl 35%<\/span><span>l\u01b0u \u00fd HCl \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c<\/span><span>t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kim lo\u1ea1i<\/span><\/div>\n<section id=\"tinh-chat\">\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_72 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/hcl-35-tinh-chat-ung-dung-va-nhung-dieu-nen-luu-y-ve-axit-nay-2\/#1_Tinh_chat_HCl_35\" title=\"1. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t HCl 35%\">1. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t HCl 35%<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/hcl-35-tinh-chat-ung-dung-va-nhung-dieu-nen-luu-y-ve-axit-nay-2\/#2_Ung_dung_HCl_35_trong_cong_nghiep\" title=\"2. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng HCl 35% trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\">2. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng HCl 35% trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/hcl-35-tinh-chat-ung-dung-va-nhung-dieu-nen-luu-y-ve-axit-nay-2\/#3_Luu_y_quan_trong_khi_su_dung_HCl_35\" title=\"3. L\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HCl 35%\">3. L\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HCl 35%<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/hcl-35-tinh-chat-ung-dung-va-nhung-dieu-nen-luu-y-ve-axit-nay-2\/#4_Bao_quan_van_chuyen_HCl_35\" title=\"4. B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n &#038; v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n HCl 35%\">4. B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n &#038; v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n HCl 35%<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/hcl-35-tinh-chat-ung-dung-va-nhung-dieu-nen-luu-y-ve-axit-nay-2\/#Lien_he_Hoa_Chat_Loc_Thien\" title=\"Lien he Hoa Chat Loc Thien\">Lien he Hoa Chat Loc Thien<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/en\/hcl-35-tinh-chat-ung-dung-va-nhung-dieu-nen-luu-y-ve-axit-nay-2\/#FAQ\" title=\"FAQ\">FAQ<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Tinh_chat_HCl_35\"><\/span>1. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t HCl 35%<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i: ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t, m\u00f9i x\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng.<\/li>\n<li>H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng HCl \u2265 35% w\/w; t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng ~ 1,18 g\/mL.<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ed1c kh\u00f3i trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1ea9m do h\u01a1i HCl t\u1ea1o s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9.<\/li>\n<li>L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c axit m\u1ea1nh, ph\u00e2n ly ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft kim lo\u1ea1i (tr\u1eeb Au, Pt) t\u1ea1o mu\u1ed1i clorua + H2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"ung-dung\">\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Ung_dung_HCl_35_trong_cong_nghiep\"><\/span>2. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng HCl 35% trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Pickling th\u00e9p, m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm nh\u00fang n\u00f3ng, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<li>Trung h\u00f2a ki\u1ec1m v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh pH n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t mu\u1ed1i clorua: FeCl3, AlCl3, ZnCl2\u2026<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea9y c\u1eb7n b\u1ed3n l\u00f2 h\u01a1i, th\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00e1i sinh nh\u1ef1a trao \u0111\u1ed5i ion cation (cation exchange resin).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<figure style=\"margin:18px 0;text-align:center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumb lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/ung-dung-hcl-32-trong-cong-nghiep.webp\" alt=\"\u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hcl 32% trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\"><figcaption class=\"meta\">\u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hcl 32% trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<section id=\"luu-y\">\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Luu_y_quan_trong_khi_su_dung_HCl_35\"><\/span>3. L\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HCl 35%<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u00fang: <strong>\u0111\u1ed5 axit v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong> t\u1eeb t\u1eeb, c\u00f3 khu\u1ea5y.<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a: PE\/PP\/FRP c\u00f3 l\u1edbp l\u00f3t ch\u1ed1ng axit; tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng kim lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng PVC\/CPVC; b\u01a1m h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<li>Khu v\u1ef1c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi NaOH, NaOCl, KMnO4 (tr\u00e1nh ph\u00e1t sinh kh\u00ed Cl2 \u0111\u1ed9c).<\/li>\n<li>PPE: k\u00ednh k\u00edn, m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng h\u01a1i axit, g\u0103ng tay PVC d\u00e0i, \u1ee7ng, t\u1ea1p d\u1ec1.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c h\u00fat h\u01a1i axit cho khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2m\/pha lo\u00e3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"bao-quan\">\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Bao_quan_van_chuyen_HCl_35\"><\/span>4. B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n &#038; v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n HCl 35%<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>L\u01b0u kho tho\u00e1ng m\u00e1t, tr\u00e1nh n\u1eafng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 < 30\u00b0C.<\/li>\n<li>Khay ch\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0n 110% th\u1ec3 t\u00edch, c\u00f3 v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch v\u1edbi h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<li>V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng xe chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng, c\u00f3 d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n (UN 1789).<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 s\u1eb5n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trung h\u00f2a: Na2CO3, v\u00f4i, NaHCO3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"lien-he\">\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lien_he_Hoa_Chat_Loc_Thien\"><\/span>Lien he Hoa Chat Loc Thien<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Doi ngu ky thuat <strong>Hoa Chat Loc Thien<\/strong> san sang ho tro doanh nghiep.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hotline: <a href=\"tel:0979891929\">0979 89 1929<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Email: <a href=\"mailto:locthien@locthien.vn\">locthien@locthien.vn<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Website: <a href=\"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/\">hoachatlocthien.com\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"faq\" class=\"faq\">\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQ\"><\/span>FAQ<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>HCl 35% kh\u00e1c HCl 32% nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><br \/>HCl 35% c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng axit cao h\u01a1n HCl 32% (35% vs 32% w\/w), n\u00ean c\u00f9ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u HCl ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t h\u01a1n. HCl 35% b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a HCl 35% l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><br \/>Pickling th\u00e9p, m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t mu\u1ed1i clorua (FeCl3, AlCl3), t\u1ea9y c\u1eb7n b\u1ed3n l\u00f2 h\u01a1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh pH n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh nh\u1ef1a trao \u0111\u1ed5i ion.<\/li>\n<li><strong>HCl 35% c\u00f3 nguy hi\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><br \/>C\u00f3. HCl 35% g\u00e2y b\u1ecfng n\u1eb7ng cho da\/m\u1eaft, h\u01a1i axit k\u00edch \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p. Khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c NaOCl c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh kh\u00ed Cl2 \u0111\u1ed9c, c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u kho c\u00e1ch ly.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c HCl 35%?<\/strong><br \/>PE, PP, FRP c\u00f3 l\u1edbp l\u00f3t ch\u1ed1ng axit, PVC, CPVC, PVDF, PTFE v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 Hastelloy C-276. Tr\u00e1nh th\u00e9p cacbon, nh\u00f4m, \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mua HCl 35% ch\u00ednh h\u00e3ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/strong><br \/>H\u00f3a Ch\u1ea5t L\u1ed9c Thi\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p HCl 32%\/35% v\u1edbi COA, MSDS \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, \u0111\u00f3ng can 30L, IBC 1.000L ho\u1eb7c xe b\u1ed3n, giao trong ng\u00e0y t\u1ea1i TP.HCM, B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/section>\n<\/article>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@graph\": [\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Organization\",\n      \"@id\": \"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/#org\",\n      \"name\": \"Hoa Chat Loc Thien\",\n      \"url\": \"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/\",\n      \"logo\": \"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/logo-locthien.png\",\n      \"telephone\": \"+84979891929\",\n      \"email\": \"locthien@locthien.vn\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"BreadcrumbList\",\n      \"@id\": \"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/hcl-35-tinh-chat-ung-dung-va-nhung-dieu-nen-luu-y-ve-axit-nay\/#breadcrumb\",\n      \"itemListElement\": [\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n          \"position\": 1,\n          \"name\": \"Trang chu\",\n          \"item\": \"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/\"\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n          \"position\": 2,\n          \"name\": \"H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\",\n          \"item\": \"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/kien-thuc-hoa-chat\/\"\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"ListItem\",\n          \"position\": 3,\n          \"name\": \"HCl 35%: T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t, \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng V\u00e0 Nh\u1eefng \u0110i\u1ec1u C\u1ea7n L\u01b0u \u00dd V\u1ec1 Axit N\u00e0y\",\n          \"item\": \"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/hcl-35-tinh-chat-ung-dung-va-nhung-dieu-nen-luu-y-ve-axit-nay\/\"\n        }\n      ]\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Article\",\n      \"@id\": \"https:\/\/hoachatlocthien.com\/hcl-35-tinh-chat-ung-dung-va-nhung-dieu-nen-luu-y-ve-axit-nay\/#article\",\n      \"headline\": \"HCl 35%: T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t, \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng V\u00e0 Nh\u1eefng \u0110i\u1ec1u C\u1ea7n L\u01b0u \u00dd V\u1ec1 Axit N\u00e0y\",\n      \"description\": \"HCl 35% (axit clohidric \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c) l\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ea1nh. 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HCl 35% b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n.\"\n          }\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"Question\",\n          \"name\": \"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a HCl 35% l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\",\n          \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n            \"text\": \"Pickling th\u00e9p, m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t mu\u1ed1i clorua (FeCl3, AlCl3), t\u1ea9y c\u1eb7n b\u1ed3n l\u00f2 h\u01a1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh pH n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh nh\u1ef1a trao \u0111\u1ed5i ion.\"\n          }\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"Question\",\n          \"name\": \"HCl 35% c\u00f3 nguy hi\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng?\",\n          \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n            \"text\": \"C\u00f3. HCl 35% g\u00e2y b\u1ecfng n\u1eb7ng cho da\/m\u1eaft, h\u01a1i axit k\u00edch \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p. Khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c NaOCl c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh kh\u00ed Cl2 \u0111\u1ed9c, c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u kho c\u00e1ch ly.\"\n          }\n        },\n        {\n          \"@type\": \"Question\",\n          \"name\": \"V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c HCl 35%?\",\n          \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n            \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n            \"text\": \"PE, PP, FRP c\u00f3 l\u1edbp l\u00f3t ch\u1ed1ng axit, PVC, CPVC, PVDF, PTFE v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 Hastelloy C-276. 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