\u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed Ti\u00eau D\u00f9ng v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec5n Th\u00f4ng\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\nC\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 smartphone, laptop, TV, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng 5G. C\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 CPU v\u00e0 GPU gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nhanh ch\u00f3ng. C\u00e1c chip x\u1eed l\u00fd trung t\u00e2m (CPU), chip \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda (GPU), v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n\n- \u00d4 T\u00f4 v\u00e0 N\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u00e1i T\u1ea1o<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Trong ng\u00e0nh \u00f4 t\u00f4, b\u00e1n d\u1eabn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an to\u00e0n, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 radar. Trong n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, chip b\u00e1n d\u1eabn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng minh, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n\n- Tr\u00ed Tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n T\u1ea1o<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Trong AI v\u00e0 si\u00eau m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, chip b\u00e1n d\u1eabn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn. GPU v\u00e0 TPU (Tensor Processing Units) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng AI, t\u1eeb nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n\n- Qu\u1ed1c Ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 H\u00e0ng Kh\u00f4ng V\u0169 Tr\u1ee5<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
B\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng radar, d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t trong qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Trong h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>C\u00e1c C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Quan Tr\u1ecdng Trong Ng\u00e0nh B\u00e1n D\u1eabn<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/span>1. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chip<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n- Quy tr\u00ecnh in kh\u1eafc photolithography:<\/strong>
\n\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac si\u00eau nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean wafer silicon. V\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao, hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i 3nm v\u00e0 \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi 2nm trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n. S\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 transistor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/span>2. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u00e1n d\u1eabn ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n- Graphene:<\/strong>\n
\n- Graphene \u2013 v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i \u2013 \u0111ang m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi cho ng\u00e0nh b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, gi\u00fap s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 in kh\u1eafc 3nm v\u00e0 chip l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m cao m\u1edbi. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a graphene nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng u\u1ed1n d\u1ebbo gi\u00fap t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00e1n d\u1eabn nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- Gallium nitride (GaN):<\/strong>\n
\n- GaN l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 trong b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb RF t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>3. T\u00edch h\u1ee3p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng 3D (3D IC Integration)<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n- \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp chip x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc module v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd. T\u00edch h\u1ee3p 3D c\u0169ng gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean chip (SoC), gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>4. Chip l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n- C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chip l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111ang m\u1edf ra k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi cho t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>5. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (Photonics)<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n- Quang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 quan tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c diode laser, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quang h\u1ecdc, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ec5 trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1n d\u1eabn m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, internet v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt (IoT), v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 di \u0111\u1ed9ng. Vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u00e1n d\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. T\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 AI v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111ang th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn trong y t\u1ebf, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, ng\u00e0nh b\u00e1n d\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/span><\/p>\n\u6d1b\u5929\u6295\u8d44\u53d1\u5c55\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8<\/b> t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, bao g\u1ed3m x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao. V\u1edbi cam k\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1eadn t\u00e2m, L\u1ed9c Thi\u00ean mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng t\u1ea7m v\u1ecb th\u1ebf ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng!<\/span><\/p>\n\n- \ud83d\udcde \u70ed\u7ebf<\/strong>: