# HCl (Hydrochloric Acid) Density Table by Concentration — 20°C

HCl (Hydrochloric Acid) Density Table by Concentration — 20°C

The density of Hydrochloric Acid solutions varies by concentration and temperature. This table compiles HCl density values at 20°C for 10%–37% concentrations, cross-referenced from CRC Handbook, International Critical Tables, and actual COAs from Loc Thien Chemicals per TCVN 7764-1:2007. Serves as a reference for QC engineers, production supervisors, and inspection staff when verifying input quality.

The most accurate value for HCl 32% is 1.1543 g/ml — measured from actual batch COAs by Loc Thien Chemicals, compliant with TCVN 7764-1:2007.

*HCl 37% is the internationally standard concentrated grade, uncommon in Vietnam. Loc Thien supplies HCl 32% and 35% — standard industrial concentrations for domestic markets.

HCl 32% Density — Most Common Industrial Grade

HCl 32% is the standard concentration widely used in wastewater treatment, steel pickling, pH adjustment, and chemical manufacturing. Its density at 20°C is 1.1543 g/ml, corresponding to ~10.13 M (see formula below). This value is measured using laboratory-grade hydrometers and confirmed via COAs for each imported batch by Loc Thien. During incoming inspection, if HCl 32% density deviates by more than ±0.005 g/ml from this value, suspect quality issues or delivery errors.

HCl 35% Density — Common High Concentration in Vietnam

HCl 35% (density 1.174 g/ml) is the most prevalent high concentration in Vietnam’s market, used in applications requiring strong activity: organic synthesis, precious metal refining, industrial detergent production. It balances transportation costs (higher concentration → more HCl per mass unit) with handling safety. HCl 37% (density 1.18 g/ml) is the saturated concentration under standard conditions internationally, but uncommon in Vietnam — requires fume hoods and full PPE due to strong HCl gas release when opened.

How to Convert % Concentration ↔ Density ↔ Molarity

Formula to convert mass percentage to Molarity (mol/L):

M = (d × 1000 × C%) / 36.46

Where:

• d = solution density at 20°C (g/ml)
• C% = mass percentage (decimal: 32% = 0.32)
• 36.46 = HCl molecular weight (g/mol)

Example — HCl 32%: M = (1.1543 × 1000 × 0.32) / 36.46 = 10.13 M

Example — HCl 37%: M = (1.18 × 1000 × 0.37) / 36.46 = 11.98 M

Preparation engineers use this formula for dilution or titration volume calculations. Always measure density at exactly 20°C — ±1°C deviation affects density by ~±0.0003 g/ml and skews concentration calculations.

Why HCl Density Matters for Goods Inspection

Density measurement is the fastest method (<3 minutes) to verify HCl quality without complex chemical analysis. Only a glass hydrometer and clean cylinder are needed to confirm if HCl matches declared concentrations. If measured density is significantly lower than standard values (e.g., labeled 32% but density only 1.145 g/ml), the batch may be diluted or contaminated. For COA-accompanied shipments, compare 20°C density on COA with field measurements — acceptable tolerance is ±0.002 g/ml.

Where to Buy HCl 32%, 35% with Certified COA?

Loc Thien Chemicals supplies officially imported HCl 32% and 35% with batch-specific COA and MSDS. HCl 32% density on Loc Thien’s COA is 1.1543 g/ml (20°C, TCVN 7764-1:2007), with typical specs: HCl ≥ 32.07%, Fe ≤ 0.0002%, Pb < 0.0003%, As < 0.0001%, Cl₂ ≤ 0.001%, SO₄ ≤ 0.002%. Available at 6 warehouses nationwide, delivered via 5–30-ton tankers to industrial zones. Call 0979 891 929 for latest pricing and batch COAs.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. What is the density of HCl 32%?

HCl 32% density at 20°C is 1.1543 g/ml (per Loc Thien’s COA, compliant with TCVN 7764-1:2007). Corresponds to ~10.13 M.

2. How to identify diluted HCl 32%?

Use a hydrometer at 20°C. If density is below 1.150 g/ml, the batch may be diluted. Cross-check COA parameters like Fe content and free Cl₂.

3. Are HCl 37% and concentrated HCl the same?

Technically yes — commercial concentrated HCl internationally is 37% by weight (density 1.18 g/ml at 20°C). However, HCl 37% is uncommon in Vietnam. Loc Thien supplies HCl 32% and 35% — standard industrial grades domestically.

4. Should HCl density be measured at temperatures other than 20°C?

Bring samples to 20°C before measurement. If impossible, use correction factor ~0.0003 g/ml per °C deviation. Larger temperature differences increase errors.

5. Where to buy HCl 32% with complete COA?

Loc Thien Chemicals supplies officially imported HCl 32%, 35% with batch-specific COA/MSDS. 6 warehouses nationwide, fast delivery. Contact: 0979 891 929.