Sulfuric Acid 60% (H₂SO₄ 60% Solution) – SG 1.50 g/cm³ (48.5 °Be), ZDHC Level 1 & 5–30 Ton Tankers
Loc Thien Chemical supplies Industrial Sulfuric Acid 60% (H2SO4 60% w/w, CAS 7664-93-9, SG 1.50 g/cm³ at 20 °C, 48.5 °Be) with ZDHC MRSL v3.1 Level 1 (CSR #248162921-01). Low dilution heat for WWTP pH dosing, battery electrolyte & pickling. 1,500kg IBC & 5–30-ton tankers. 15-min quote: 0979 891 929.
Sulfuric Acid 60% (H₂SO₄ 60% Solution) – SG 1.50 g/cm³ (48.5 °Be), ZDHC Level 1 & 5–30 Ton Tankers (H2SO4 · CAS 7664-93-9 · M = 98.08 g/mol · d = 1.50 g/cm³ (60%, 20°C) · UN 1830 · ZDHC MRSL v3.1 Level 1 (TÜV Rheinland CSR #248162921-01)): Loc Thien Chemical supplies Industrial Sulfuric Acid 60% (H2SO4 60% w/w, CAS 7664-93-9, SG 1.50 g/cm³ at 20 °C, 48.5 °Be) with ZDHC MRSL v3.1 Level 1 (CSR #248162921-01). Low dilution heat for WWTP pH dosing, battery electrolyte & pickling. 1,500kg IBC & 5–30-ton tankers. 15-min quote: 0979 891 929.
Table of contents
Sulfuric Acid 60% (H₂SO₄ 60% w/w, CAS 7664-93-9, UN 1830) is a standardized medium-concentration industrial mineral acid solution formulated at 60.0% ± 1.0% by weight, exhibiting a specific gravity of 1.498 – 1.502 g/cm³ at 20 °C (~48.5 °Be, equivalent to ~900 g H₂SO₄/L). Unlike 98% concentrated sulfuric acid—which releases extreme exothermic hydration heat upon water contact—H₂SO₄ 60% has already passed the steepest hydration enthalpy zone, enabling safer direct dosing in automated wastewater pH neutralization skids, lead-acid battery electrolyte preparation, steel pickling baths, and starch hydrolysis without boiling eruption or thermal pipe deformation. Loc Thien Chemical serves as an Industrial Chemical Bulk Supplier holding ZDHC MRSL v3.1 Level 1 conformance (TÜV Rheinland CSR #248162921-01), operating a dedicated fleet of 5–30-ton chemical road tankers and 1,000 L IBC totes (~1,500 kg net) across 6 nationwide warehouses. Technical quotation within 15 minutes via hotline 0979 891 929.
🔄 Quick Navigation: Two Commercial Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄) Grades at Loc Thien Chemical
- Currently Viewing: Sulfuric Acid H₂SO₄ 60% (% w/w, SG ~1.500 g/cm³, 48.5 °Be) — Pre-diluted industrial solution reducing ~70% dilution heat, engineered for automated WWTP pH dosing, lead-acid battery electrolyte formulation, and steel pickling.
- Need Maximum Concentration: View Concentrated Sulfuric Acid H₂SO₄ 98% (SG 1.840 g/cm³, 66 °Be) — Optimized for long-haul freight efficiency, chemical synthesis, fertilizer manufacturing, and alum production.
- Engineering Reference: Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄ 10% – 98%) Specific Gravity, Concentration (% w/w) & Baume (°Be) Lookup Table.
Technical Data Sheet (TDS / Batch COA) — Sulfuric Acid H₂SO₄ 60% (% w/w)
Every batch of Sulfuric Acid H₂SO₄ 60% dispatched from our industrial acid supply portfolio undergoes strict hydrometer density verification at 20 °C and acid-base titration, accompanied by a Batch Certificate of Analysis (Batch COA) matching the tanker seal or IBC serial number:
| Parameter | Standard Specification | Test Method / Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical & Commercial Name | Sulfuric Acid 60% Solution (Industrial Grade) | IUPAC / ASTM E223 |
| Molecular Formula & Molar Mass | H₂SO₄ (98.079 g/mol) |
Inorganic Chemistry |
| International Identifiers | CAS: 7664-93-9 | EC: 231-639-5 | UN: 1830 (Class 8, PG II) | GHS / IMDG / DOT |
| Assay (H₂SO₄ Mass Fraction) | 60.0% ± 1.0% w/w (verified per Batch COA) | Acid-Base Titration (ASTM E223) |
| Specific Gravity (at 20 °C) | 1.498 – 1.502 g/cm³ (~1.50 kg/L at 20 °C) | Hydrometer / ASTM D1298 |
| Equivalent Baume Degree (at 20 °C) | 48.2 – 48.5 °Be (always recorded alongside sample temperature) | Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook |
| Active H₂SO₄ Content per Liter | ~899 – 901 g H₂SO₄ / L (~9.17 mol/L | ~18.34 N) | Volumetric Mass Balance at 20 °C |
| Appearance | Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid, free of suspended matter | Visual Inspection |
| Iron (Fe) Content | ≤ 50 ppm (0.005% max) | Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) |
| Arsenic (As) & Lead (Pb) | As ≤ 1 ppm | Pb ≤ 10 ppm | ICP-OES / TÜV Rheinland ZDHC Smart Test |
| Residue on Ignition | ≤ 0.03% w/w | Gravimetric Analysis |
| Freezing Point | Approx. -60 °C to -70 °C (deep eutectic zone, zero winter crystallization) | H₂SO₄–H₂O Phase Diagram |
| Boiling Point (at 1 atm) | 140 – 142 °C | Atmospheric Distillation |
| Packaging & Bulk Logistics (Net Weight) | 30 L HDPE Cans (45 kg net), 200 L Drums (300 kg net), 1,000 L IBC Totes (1,500 kg / 1.5 MT net), 5–30-ton Dedicated Tankers | Certified Dual-End Weighbridge (±0.3%) |
Engineering & Operational Comparison: Pre-Diluted H₂SO₄ 60% vs. Concentrated H₂SO₄ 98%
Environmental engineers and procurement managers frequently evaluate whether to purchase concentrated 98% sulfuric acid for on-site dilution or order ready-to-dose 60% sulfuric acid directly. The comparison matrix below highlights key operational differences:
| Evaluation Criterion | Sulfuric Acid H₂SO₄ 60% (% w/w) | Sulfuric Acid H₂SO₄ 98% (% w/w) |
|---|---|---|
| Specific Gravity & Baume (20 °C) | 1.500 g/cm³ (~48.5 °Be) — 900 g H₂SO₄/L | 1.840 g/cm³ (~66.0 °Be) — 1,803 g H₂SO₄/L |
| Exothermic Heat upon Water Contact | ~65–70% lower hydration heat; safe for direct inline dosing into neutralization basins | Extreme hydration enthalpy (ΔH = -95.3 kJ/mol); causes violent boiling spatter and uPVC pipe warping |
| Kinematic Viscosity & Metering Pumps | Low viscosity (~5.0 mPa·s at 20 °C); smooth diaphragm pump suction with minimal vapor lock | High viscosity (~24.5 mPa·s at 20 °C); viscous oil-like flow requiring heavy-duty dosing pumps |
| Acid Mist & Low-Temp Crystallization | Zero SO₃ fuming; deep eutectic freezing point (-65 °C) prevents winter line freezing | Generates corrosive mist in humid air; complex freezing curves between 93% and 98% |
| Mandatory Tank Material | Heavy-wall XLPE/HDPE, PP, PVDF, Vinyl Ester FRP, or PTFE/Butyl-lined steel (Bare carbon steel PROHIBITED) | Passivated carbon steel (via FeSO₄ film) or specialized cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) |
| Primary Industrial Use Cases | Automated WWTP pH control, FDI textile dyeing, lead-acid battery electrolyte, steel pickling, cooling towers | Fertilizer complexes, alum/ferrous sulfate synthesis, long-distance bulk transport optimization |
QC Engineering Note — Phan Cam Thuy (Quality Control Specialist, Loc Thien Chemical):
"Field audits across FDI textile wastewater treatment plants show that over 60% of uPVC injection manifold failures occur when 98% concentrated sulfuric acid contacts water directly, creating localized temperatures exceeding 95 °C. Switching to pre-cooled, standardized Sulfuric Acid H₂SO₄ 60% keeps the injection quill temperature below 45 °C, extending the service life of PVDF dosing pumps, check valves, and inline pH sensors."
5 Core Industrial Applications of Sulfuric Acid H₂SO₄ 60%
1. Automated Alkaline Wastewater pH Neutralization (Textile Dyeing, Pulp & Paper, Electroplating)
In industrial facilities utilizing Liquid Caustic Soda NaOH 32% for cotton mercerization, scouring, or alkaline degreasing, raw effluent typically enters the equalization tank at pH 10.5 – 12.5. Dosing H₂SO₄ 60% via PID-controlled metering pumps rapidly adjusts pH to the 6.5 – 8.5 window required for coagulation with Ferrous Chloride FeCl₂ 30% or PAC, without introducing corrosive chloride ions (Cl⁻) that damage concrete basins or inhibit biological nitrification (see our engineering comparison of HCl vs. H₂SO₄ for industrial neutralization).
Illustrative Engineering Dosing Calculation (Stated Assumptions): Assume an industrial WWTP treats 1,000 m³/day of alkaline effluent requiring neutralization of 6.0 mmol OH⁻/L (equivalent to 3.0 mmol H₂SO₄/L = 294 mg pure H₂SO₄/L, or 294 kg/day of 100% H₂SO₄). Using H₂SO₄ 60% (0.60 kg H₂SO₄/kg solution, density 1.50 kg/L), the theoretical daily dosage is 490 kg/day (~327 L/day). Always perform a bench-scale Jar-test on actual plant effluent to account for carbonate/bicarbonate buffering capacity.
2. Lead-Acid Battery Electrolyte Formulation & Maintenance
Sulfuric Acid 60% (SG 1.500 g/cm³) serves as the ideal intermediate master batch for battery manufacturers diluting down to standard 32% – 38% battery electrolyte (SG 1.240 – 1.285 g/cm³ at 20 °C). Starting from 60% rather than 98% cuts chiller cooling time by over 60% while maintaining strict low-iron purity (Fe ≤ 50 ppm) to prevent lead plate self-discharge (read more in our technical guide on H₂SO₄ for lead-acid battery manufacturing).
3. Hot-Rolled Steel Pickling & Surface Descaling
Diluted to working bath concentrations of 15% – 25% at 60 – 80 °C, sulfuric acid dissolves mill scale oxides (FeO, Fe₃O₄, Fe₂O₃) prior to galvanizing or cold rolling. Because H₂SO₄ 60% operates in the dissociated dilute/medium acid regime, engineers must account for hydrogen evolution on base metal (see which metals resist dilute H₂SO₄ vs. concentrated H₂SO₄):
4. Cooling Tower Alkalinity Control, Starch Hydrolysis & Chemical Synthesis
Non-volatile and low-fuming, H₂SO₄ 60% is dosed into industrial cooling tower loops to control calcium carbonate scaling (Langelier Saturation Index), and used in fertilizer acidification, starch conversion, and sulfate salt synthesis (explore industrial applications of H₂SO₄ and our comprehensive Sulfuric Acid H₂SO₄ handbook).
Storage Tank Material Compatibility & Carbon Steel Corrosion Warning at 60%
⚠️ Critical Engineering Warning: NEVER Store H₂SO₄ 60% in Unlined Carbon Steel Tanks!
While 98% concentrated sulfuric acid forms a protective passive FeSO₄ film on carbon steel, the 40% free water content in H₂SO₄ 60% (% w/w) rapidly dissolves this ferrous sulfate layer. Filling an unlined carbon steel (SS400/A36) or 304 stainless steel tank with H₂SO₄ 60% causes aggressive wall perforation and generates explosive Hydrogen gas (H₂) in confined spaces!
| Material Category | Specific Material | Compatibility with H₂SO₄ 60% (20–50 °C) | Engineering Recommendation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Engineering Plastics (Recommended) | Cross-Linked PE (XLPE), Heavy-Wall HDPE, PP, PVDF, PTFE | Excellent (Grade A) | Standard choice for 5–50 m³ bulk tanks, 1,000 L IBC totes, valves, and dosing lines |
| Composites & Lined Steel | Vinyl Ester FRP, PTFE-Lined / Butyl-Rubber-Lined / Lead-Lined Steel | Very Good (Grade A/B) | Ideal for large stationary storage vessels and agitated process reactors |
| High-Nickel Alloys | Alloy 20, Hastelloy C-276 | Good (Grade B) | Suitable for magnetic-drive pump shafts, impellers, and thermowells |
| Strictly Prohibited Metals | Unlined Carbon Steel, 304 SS, Standard 316 SS, Aluminum, Zinc, Copper | PROHIBITED (Severe Corrosion) | Rapid structural failure, explosive H₂ gas accumulation, and heavy Fe²⁺ contamination |
2026 Industrial Precursor Compliance & ZDHC MRSL v3.1 Level 1 Dossier
⚖️ Vietnam Group 2 Industrial Chemical Precursor Regulations (2026 Update)
Under Vietnam Law on Chemicals No. 69/2025/QH15 and Appendix III of Decree 24/2026/ND-CP (effective January 17, 2026), Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄, CAS 7664-93-9) and all chemical mixtures containing ≥ 5% w/w precursor (including H₂SO₄ 60%) are classified as Group 2 Industrial Precursors:
- Domestic Purchase & End-Use: Buyers and sellers must execute an official Industrial Precursor Purchase & Sale Control Slip per Circular 01/2026/TT-BCT and maintain full traceability records alongside electronic VAT invoices.
- Import / Export & EPE On-Spot Customs: Requires an Industrial Precursor Import/Export License under Decree 25/2026/ND-CP. Loc Thien Chemical provides full regulatory documentation support and 0% VAT on-spot customs clearance for Export Processing Enterprises (EPEs).
🌿 ZDHC MRSL Version 3.1 Conformance Level 1 — Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄)
- Official Documentation: ZDHC MRSL Version 3.1 Level 1 Conformance Summary Report (CSR) & Analytical Test Report
- Issuing Body: TÜV Rheinland Vietnam Co., Ltd.
- Certificate / Report Holder:
LOC THIEN INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT COMPANY LIMITED - CSR & Analytical Report No.:
CSR #248162921-01 (22/10/2024)| Analytical Test Report No.:248162921-01 - Analytical Results: 3/3 Smart Testing substance groups PASS: Total Heavy Metal; Borate, zinc salt; Perboric acid, sodium salt.
Loc Thien 9-Product ZDHC MRSL v3.1 Level 1 Portfolio: Includes 4 TÜV SÜD Level 1 Certificates (ZDHC1 127736 0001–0004: NaOH, H₂O₂, Na₂SO₄, Na₂CO₃) and 5 TÜV Rheinland Level 1 CSR & Analytical Test Reports (248162921-01–05: H₂SO₄, FeCl₂, HCl, Javel/NaOCl, PAC 31%). FDI textile and footwear manufacturers requiring official PDF dossiers with batch COA/SDS for ZDHC Gateway audits may request documentation and a 15-minute quote here.
Operational Value for Procurement, Engineering & Accounting Teams
- For Procurement Teams: Transparent unit pricing structured around 5 B2B factors (concentration grade, packaging format from 45 kg cans to 5–30-ton tankers, monthly contract volume, delivery distance from our 6 warehouses, and compliance documentation). Guaranteed 15-minute quotation turnaround and 3,000+ MT/month supply capacity.
- For Plant & EHS Engineers: Every delivery includes a Batch COA, 16-section GHS SDS, dual-end electronic weighbridge tickets (±0.3% tolerance), and specialized road tankers equipped with sealed Camlock fittings and dedicated acid unloading pumps.
- For Accounting & Customs Teams: Compliant electronic VAT invoices issued under Decree 70/2025/ND-CP by Loc Thien Investment Development Co., Ltd. (Tax ID
0313650856; Legal HQ:452/6B Tinh Lo 10, Binh Tri Dong Ward, Binh Tan District, Ho Chi Minh City), plus Circular 01/2026/TT-BCT precursor control slips. - Nationwide 6-Warehouse Network & Delivery SLA: Dispatched from Ba Ria - Vung Tau (Phu My 1 IP), Dong Nai (Long Thanh IP), Binh Duong (Di An), Da Nang (Hoa Khanh IP), Can Tho (Tra Noc IP), and Bac Ninh (Tien Son IP). Delivery within 4 hours in inner HCMC, 24–48 hours across Southern & Mekong Delta industrial zones, and 2–3 days in Northern & Central Vietnam. Contact hotline 0979 891 929 for detailed delivery scheduling.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) — Sulfuric Acid H₂SO₄ 60%
Q1: How much does 1 liter of Sulfuric Acid H₂SO₄ 60% weigh, and what is its Baume degree?
At 20 °C, Sulfuric Acid 60% (% w/w) has a specific gravity of 1.498 – 1.502 g/cm³ (approx. 1.50 kg/L, containing ~900 g pure H₂SO₄/L) and corresponds to 48.2 – 48.5 °Be. Consequently, one 1,000 L IBC tote of H₂SO₄ 60% has a net chemical weight of approximately 1,500 kg (1.5 metric tons).
Q2: Why is unlined carbon steel prohibited for storing H₂SO₄ 60%?
At 98% concentration, sulfuric acid passivates carbon steel via an insoluble FeSO₄ film. At 60% w/w (40% water), this film dissolves completely, causing rapid acid attack on iron (Fe + H₂SO₄ → FeSO₄ + H₂↑), tank wall perforation, and explosive hydrogen gas build-up. Storage tanks must use XLPE, heavy-wall HDPE, PP, PVDF, or Vinyl Ester FRP.
Q3: How fast can Loc Thien Chemical provide a quotation and tanker delivery?
Our B2B desk issues formal technical quotations within 15 minutes. Dedicated 5–30-ton tankers and IBC trucks deliver within 4 hours in HCMC, 24–48 hours across Southern & Southwest industrial parks, and 2–3 days in Northern & Central Vietnam. Call 0979 891 929 or email [email protected].
📚 Related Technical Guides & Engineering Resources
- Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄ 10% – 98%) Specific Gravity, Concentration (% w/w) & Baume (°Be) Lookup Table with Safe Dilution Rules
- Which Metals Resist Dilute H₂SO₄? Passivation Mechanism Comparison vs. Concentrated H₂SO₄ & Tank Selection
- Industrial Applications of Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄): Wastewater Treatment, Fertilizer & Chemical Synthesis
- Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄) Specifications for Lead-Acid Battery Electrolyte Manufacturing
- Complete Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄) Engineering Guide: Properties, Handling & Bulk Storage Safety
- HCl vs. H₂SO₄: Which Acid Is Stronger & More Cost-Effective for Industrial pH Neutralization?
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